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Glossary

Our glossary is your one-stop shop for explaining everything that's important. We will clarify a wide range of terms for you.

2

2G

2nd generation telecommuncation technology; GSM

3

3G

3rd generation telecommuncation technology; UMTS

4

4G

4th generation telecommuncation technology; LTE+

5

5G

5th generation telecommuncation technology; "New Radio"

A

AC

Alternating Current

ADC

Analog-Digital Converter

AMC

Advanced Mezzanine Card, a mezzanine card standard for MTCA and ATCA (www.picmg.org)

AMC.0

AMC base specification by PICMG - defines a mezzanine building block approach for the addition of crucial functionality to a PICMG 3.0 carrier card available from a number of third party suppliers. www.picmg.org

AMC.1

PCIe specification for AMC by PICMG - defines port usage for PCI Express and Advanced Switching environments on AMC.0. www.picmg.org

AMC.2

Ethernet specification for AMC by PICMG - defines port usage for Ethernet on AMC.0. www.picmg.org

AMC.3

Stoarage specification for AMC by PICMG - defines port usage for Fibre Channel, SAS and SATA on AMC.0. www.picmg.org

AMC.4

SRIO specification for AMC by PICMG - defines port usage for Serial RapidIO on AMC.0. www.picmg.org

ANSI

American National Standards Institute (http://www.ansi.org)

API

Application Programming Interface

ARM

Processor Architecture with reduced instruction set

ATCA

Advanced Telecommunication Computing Architecture (PICMG). www.picmg.org

ATM

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

B

BDM

Background Debug Mode

BIOS

Basic Input Output System

bit

digital representation of TRUE (1) or FALSE (0)

BM

Backplane Manager

BNC

Bayonet Neill Concelman - Coax Connector

BOA

Board-Mount Optical Assembly

BOM

Bill of Materials

bps

bits per second

Bps

byte (8 bits) per second

BSD

Berkeley Software Distribution, free software license

BSP

Board Support Package

C

CAN

Controller Area Network

CERN

Conseil européen pour la recherche nucléaire; European Organization for Nuclear Research

CFG

Configuration

CFM

Cubi Feet per Minute

CLI

Command Line Interface

CLK

Clock

CMOS

Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor; techonolgy used for constructing digital logic circuits

COM

Communication Port

COMex

Computer-on-Module Express; highly-integrated computer module for use on a dedicated baseboard

CPLD

Complex Programmable Logic Device

CPRI

Common Public Radio Interface - interface of base stations between the Radio Equipment Controllers (REC) to local or remote radio units, known as Radio Equipment (RE)

CPU

Central Processing Unit

CU

Cooling Unit

D

DAC

Digital-Analog Converter

DBG

Debug

DC

Direct Current

DDI

Dual Display Interface

DDR SDRAM

Double Data Rate Synchronous DRAM

DESY

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron; German national research center

DHCP

Dynamic Houst Configuration Protocol

DIP SW

Dual Inline Package Switch

DMA

Direct memory Access

DRAM

Dynamic RAM

DS1

also: T1; PDH signal – data rate 1.554 Mbit/s; 1st multiplex level of SDH North America

DS3

also: T3; PDH signal – data rate 44.736 MbACit/s; 3rd multiplex level of SDH North America

DSP

Digital Signal Processor

DUART

Dual Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter

DVI

Digital Visual Interface

E

e-keying

electronic keying, used in ATCA and MTCA systems, replacing the mechanical keying as used i.e. with cPCI

E1

PDH signal – data rate 2.048 Mbit/s; 1st multiplex level of SDH Europe

E3

PDH signal – data rate 34.368 Mbit/s; 3rd multiplex level of SDH Europe

ECC

Error Correcting Code

ECI

Ethernet Control Interface

EEPROM

Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM

EFR

Enhanced Full Rate, audio compression format for wireless applications, based on ACELP

EMC

Electromagnetic Compatibility

EMI

Electromagnetic Interference

eMMC

Embedded Multimedia Card

EMMC

Enhanced Module Management Controller

eRTM

RTM independent from a front side module; requires LLRF-Backplane

ESD

Electro-Static Discharge

ESSI

Extended Serial SONET/SDH Interface

EtherCAT

Ethernet for Control Automation Technology

F

FCLK

Fabric Clock

FEC

Forward Error Correction

FLASH

Non-Volatile Memory

FLASH

Free Electron LASer - DESY facility

FMC

FPGA Mezzanine Card; I/O mezzanine board for use in combination with an FPGA carrier module

FPGA

Field Programmable Gate Array

FPU

Floating-Point Unit

FRU

Field Replaceable Unit

FTP

File Transfer Protocol

G

GA

Geographic Address

GbE

Gigabit Ethernet

GMII

Gigabit Media Independent Interface

GND

Ground

GPIO

General Purpose Input/Output

GPS

Global Positioning System

GPU

Graphics Processing Unit

GSM

Global System for Mobile Communication; 2G

GTX

Gigabit Transceiver

GUI

Graphical User Interface

H

H.110

Timeslot Interchange Bus

HCSL

High Speed Current Steering Logic

HDD

Hard Disk Drive

HDLC

High-Level Data Link Control

HDMI

High Definition Multimedia Interface

HP

Hot Plug

HPC

High Pincount Connector (FMC modules)

HPI

Hardware Platform Interface

HPM

Hardware Platform Management

HS

Hot Swap

I

I-TDM

Internal TDM, standardized by PICMG SFP.1, defines a multiplexed voice over packet protocol that is optimized for Voice LANs and Packet Backplanes. Refer to www.picmg.org for details.

I/O

Input / Output

I²C

Inter-Integrated Circuit

ID

Identifier

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IP

Internet Protocol

IPMB

Intelligent Platform Management Bus, I²C-Type

IPMB-0

dual-redundant A/B local IPMB

IPMB-L

non-redundant local IPMB

IPMC

IPM Controller, e.g. MCH CPU

IPMI

Intelligent Platform Management Interface

IPsec

Internet Protocol Security

IRQ

Interrupt Request

J

J1

PDH signal – data rate 1.544 Mbit/s; 1st multiplex level of SDH Japan

JRE

Java Runtime Environment

JSM

JTAG Switch Module

JTAG

Joint Test Action Group

L

LAN

Local Area Network

Lane

pair of differential Tx and Rx wires or backplane tracks; related lanes are denoted as 'port'

LED

Light Emitting Diode

LIF

Line Interface

LIU

Line Interface Unit

LLL

Low Latency Links

LLRF

Low Latency Radio Frequency (Backplane), also µRTM-Backplane

LM

Load Module

LO

Local Oscillator

LPC

Low Pincount Connector (FMC modules)

LSB

Least Significant Bit

LTE

Long Term Evaluation; 4G (LTE+)

LUT

Look-up Table

LVDS

Low Voltage Differential Signalling

M

M-LVDS

Multipoint LVDS

M-MIMO

(Massive) Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output; ability to simultaneously receive and transmit data over multiple interfaces

MAC

Media Access Control

MCC

Memory Chip Controller

MCH

MTCA Carrier Hub

MCH-RTM

RTM connected to its dedicated MCH

MCMC

MTCA Carrier Management Controller

MCU

Micro Controller Unit

MEMS

Micro-Electro-Mechanical System

MicroSD-Card

Micro Secure Digital Memory Card

MMC

Module Management Controller

MMU

Module Management Unit

MOS-FET

Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor

MPO

also: MTP; Multiple-Fiber Push-On/Pull-off - Optical Fiber Connector

MPSoC

Multiprocessor SoC

MRAM

Magnetoresistive RAM

MSB

Most Significant Bit

MTCA

also MicroTCA or µTCA; Micro Telecommunications Computing Architecture

MTCA.0

MTCA base specification by PICMG - defines a system architecture that uses AMCs plugged directly into a backplane without modifications. www.picmg.org

MTCA.1

Air Cooled Rugged MTCA specification by PICMG - defines Ruggedized version of MTCA for exterior and mobile communications applications. www.picmg.org

MTCA.2

Hardened Air Cooled MTCA by PICMG - Expands the market for MTCA into commercial and military ruggedized applications. www.picmg.org

MTCA.3

Hardened Conduction Cooled MTCA by PICMG - expands the market for MTCA into commercial and military ruggedized applications. www.picmg.org

MTCA.4

MTCA Enhancements for Rear I/O and Precision Timing by PICMG - defines an AMC and a corresponding µRTM module set for rear I/O along with an appropriate MTCA shelf. www.picmg.org

MTP

also: MTO; Multiple-Fiber Push-On/Pull-off - Optical Fiber Connector

MUX

Multiplexer

O

OC12

also: STM4; SDH signal – 622.08 Mbit/s equivalent to STS12

OC3

also: STM1; SDH signal – 155.52 Mbit/s equivalent to STS3

OEM

Original Equipment Manufacturer

OID

Object Identifier Tree

OLED

Organic LED

OP

Operational Amplifier

OS

Operating System

P

P(T)MC

PCI (Telecom) Mezzanine Card

P2P

Peer-to-Peer

PA

Power Amplification / Amplifier

PAL

Phase Alternating Line – Colour encoding system for analog TV

PCB

Printed Circuit Board

PCI

Peripheral Component Interconnect

PCIe

PCI Express

PDH

Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

PFC

Power Factor Correction

PHY

Physical Layer Device

PICMG

PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturer Group; www.picmg.org

PIPE

Passive Intelligent Port Extenders

PL

Programmable Logic

PLL

Phase-Locked Loop

PM

Power Module

PMBUS

Power Management Bus

Port

Combination of related lanes

PrAmc

Processor AMC

PS

Processing System

PSTN

Public Switched Telephone Network

PTM

Precision Timing Module

PTP

Precision Time Protocol

PWM

Pulse-Width Modulation

Q

QDR RAM

Quad Data Rate Static RAM

QoS

Quality of Service

QSPI

Quad SPI

R

R(G)MII

Reduced (Gigabit) Media Independent Interface

R/W

Read / Write

RADAR

RAdio Detection and Ranging

RAID

Redundant Array of Independent Disks

RAM

Random Access Memory

RCW

Reset Configuration Word

RF

Radio Frequency

RISC

Reduced Instruction Set Computing

RL DRAM

Reduced Latency DRAM

RMCP

Remote Management Control Protocol

RMMC

Rear MMC

RNC

Radio Network Controller

ROM

Read Only Memory

RPM

Rear Power Module

RS232

Two-wire serial interface

RTC

Real Time Clock

RTM

Rear Transition Module

RTP

Real-Time Transport Protocol

RX

Receiver

S

SAS

Serial Attached SCSI

SATA

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment

SCSI

Small Computer System Interface

SDH

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

SDI

Serial Digital Interface

SDR

Software Defined Radio

SDR

Sensor Data Repository

SDRAM

Synchronous Dynamic RAM

SEL

System Event Log

SerDes

Serializer / Deserializer

SFC

Smart Fan Tray Controller

SFP

Small Form-Factor Pluggable

SFP.0

System Fabric base specification by PICMG - defines a consistent method for carrying encapsulated TDM across any ATCA or MTCA transport as well as for PICMG 2.16; www.picmg.org

SFP.1

I-TDM base specification by PICMG - defines an Internal TDM (I-TDM) multiplexed voice over packet protocol that is optimized for Voice LANs and Packet Backplanes, www.picmg.org

SGMII

Serial Gigabit Media Independent Interface

SIM

Subscriber Identity Module

SM

Shelf Manager

SM Bus

System Management Bus

SMA

SubMiniature version A

SMB

SubMiniature version B

SMD

Surface Mounted Device

SMP

Shared Management Power

SMS

System Management Software

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

SNTP

(Simple) Network Time Protocol

SoC

System on a Chip; complete computer with PL/PS in one intergrated circuit

SONET

Synchronous Optical Networking

SPI

Serial Peripheral Interface (FLASH)

SRAM

Static RAM

SRIO

Serial Rapid I/O; www.rapidio.org

SSC

Spread Spectrum Clock

SSD

Solid State Drive

SSH

Secure Shell, cryptographic network protocol

STM

Synchronous Transfer Mode

STM1

also: OC3; SDH signal – 155.52 Mbit/s; equivalent to STS3

STM4

also: OC12; SDH signal – 622.08 Mbit/s; equivalent to STS12

T

T1

also: DS1; PDH signal – data rate 1.554 Mbit/s; 1st multiplex level of SDH North America

T3

also: DS3; PDH signal – data rate 44.736 Mbit/s; 3rd multiplex level of SDH North America

TCLK

Telecom Clock

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

TCXO

Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator

TDM

Time Division Multiplex

TSI

Time Slot Interchanger

TTL

Transistor-Transistor Logic

TX

Transmitter

U

U-BOOT

Universal Bootloader

UART

Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter

UMTS

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System; 3G

USB

Universal Serial Bus

V

VAC

Volt Alternating Current

VCOCXO

Voltage Controlled Oven Compensated Crystal Oscillator

VCTCXO

Voltage Controlled Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator

VITA

VMEbus International Trade Association; www.vita.com

VLAN

Virtual LAN

VME

Versa Module Eurocard

VoIP

Voice over IP

VPN

Virtual Private Network

VPX

Computer Bus Standard - VME, PCI, eXtents

W

WAN

Wide Area Network

WiFi

Wireless Fidelity - Wireless Network

WR

White Rabbit; Bridged Local Area Network with VLANs (IEEE 802.1Q) that uses Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) to interconnect switches and nodes, and the Precision Time Protocol (PTP, IEEE 1588-2008) to synchronize them.

X

x1 / x4 / x8 / x16

'by 1 / 4 / 8 / 16' - often used to classify the bandwidth of a link in units of used lanes

XAUI

10 GbE (via 4x 3.125 GB/s)

XFEL

X-Ray Free Electron Laser - DESY facility

XMC

Switch Memory Card; direct derivates of PMCs, support a PCI(e) bus structur

xTCA

Family name for ATCA and MTCA